frostbite
Frostbite occurs when body parts are exposed to extreme temperatures for prolonged periods of time. The body is approximately 70% water and when the water in the body becomes frozen it crystallizes causing death to the area. This happens more commonly to the body tissues that are in the periphery including nose, ears, hands and feet/toes due to shunting of blood to the core to maintain warmth.
Symptoms of frostbite first include pain and irritation followed by burning and numbness. Blistering and reversible damage to the skin then occur next. If continuation, complete loss of sensation and permanent damage will happen to the skin and underlying structures including muscles, tendons, and vasculature.
Treatment of frostbite is best performed under a physician's care as anethesetic can be given as even the rewarming process can be extremely painful (if possible). Prevention is the best course. If frostbite is suspected maintaining a warm dry atmosphere is of great importance. Rewarming of the affected area should be done immediately in warm water without agitation to prevent sloughing of skin and other soft tissues. After the rewarming process if there are blisters or breakage in the skin appropriate topical antibiotics such as triple antibiotic and loose non adherent bandages should be applied followed by medical attention.
Again dressing appropriately for weather and situations cannot be overstated enough. Appropriate shoegear, socks and layered clothing should be considered. Extreme care should be considered with possibility of water exposure in the colder months of the year.
Symptoms of frostbite first include pain and irritation followed by burning and numbness. Blistering and reversible damage to the skin then occur next. If continuation, complete loss of sensation and permanent damage will happen to the skin and underlying structures including muscles, tendons, and vasculature.
Treatment of frostbite is best performed under a physician's care as anethesetic can be given as even the rewarming process can be extremely painful (if possible). Prevention is the best course. If frostbite is suspected maintaining a warm dry atmosphere is of great importance. Rewarming of the affected area should be done immediately in warm water without agitation to prevent sloughing of skin and other soft tissues. After the rewarming process if there are blisters or breakage in the skin appropriate topical antibiotics such as triple antibiotic and loose non adherent bandages should be applied followed by medical attention.
Again dressing appropriately for weather and situations cannot be overstated enough. Appropriate shoegear, socks and layered clothing should be considered. Extreme care should be considered with possibility of water exposure in the colder months of the year.